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Permalink: http://hdl.handle.net/1866/22017

Aging and language : maintenance of morphological representations in older adults

Article [Accepted Manuscript]
Thumbnail
fcomm-04-00016.pdf (957.8Kb)
Is part of
Frontiers in communication ; vol. 4.
Publisher(s)
Frontiers media
2019-05-15
Author(s)
Royle, Phaedra
Steinhauer, Karsten
Dessureault, Émie
Herbay, Alexandre C.
Brambati, Simona Maria
Affiliation
  • Université de Montréal. Faculté des arts et des sciences. Département de psychologie
Keywords
  • Aging
  • Inflection morphology
  • Masked priming
  • Lexical decision
  • Lexical semantics
  • Orthographic processing
  • French
Abstract(s)
Studies employing primed lexical decision tasks have revealed morphological facilitation effects in children and young adults. It is unknown if this effect is preserved or diminished in older adults. In fact, only few studies have investigated age-related changes in morphological processing and results are inconsistent across studies. To address this issue, we investigated inflection morphology compared to orthographic and semantic processing in young and older adults. Twenty-six adults aged 60–85 and 22 younger adults aged 19–28 participated. We probed verb recognition using a sandwich-masked primed lexical decision paradigm. We investigated lexical decision using different prime presentation times (PPTs) (33, 66, and 150 ms), and prime types with priming conditions involving orthographic (e.g., cassis—CASSE ‘blackcurrant—break’), regular inflection morphological (cassait—CASSE ‘broke—break’), and semantic primes (brise—CASSE ‘break—break’) and their controls, while measuring response accuracy and reaction times. Response accuracy analyses revealed that older participants performed at ceiling on the lexical decision task, and that accuracy levels were higher compared to young adults. Reaction-time data revealed effects of age group, priming condition, and an interaction of age group and morphological priming, but no PPT effects. Both young and older adults presented a significant facilitation effect (reduced reaction times) in the orthographic and morphological priming conditions. No semantic effects were observed in either group. Younger adults also showed a significantly stronger morphological priming effect, while older adults showed no difference between orthographic and morphological priming when comparing priming magnitudes. These findings suggest (1) that regular inflectional morphological processing benefits lexical access in younger French adults, confirming studies in other languages, and (2) that this advantage is reduced at older ages.
Other location(s)
https://doi.org/10.3389/fcomm.2019.00016
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  • Faculté des arts et des sciences – Département de psychologie - Travaux et publications [163]

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