Browsing Faculté de médecine – Travaux et publications by Subject "Encéphalopathie hépatique"
Now showing items 1-19 of 19
-
AST-120 (spherical carbon adsorbent) lowers ammonia levels and attenuates brain edema in bile duct-ligated rats
(2011)The pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy is multifactorial, involving gut-derived toxins such as ammonia, which has been demonstrated to induce oxidative stress. Therefore, a primary hepatic encephalopathy treatment target is reducing ammonia production ... -
Brain edema in acute liver failure and chronic liver disease: Similarities and differences
(2013)Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a complex neuropsychiatric syndrome that typically develops as a result of acute liver failure or chronic liver disease. Brain edema is a common feature associated with HE. In acute liver failure, brain edema contributes ... -
Decreased glutamate transporter (GLT-1) expression in frontal cortex of rats with acute liver failure
(1997-07)It has been suggested that reduced astrocytic uptake of neuronally released glutamate contributes to the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy in acute liver failure. In order to further address this issue, the recently cloned and sequenced astrocytic ... -
Effect of portacaval anastomosis on glutamine synthetase protein and gene expression in brain, liver and skeletal muscle
(1999)The effects of chronic liver insufficiency resulting from end-to-side portacaval anastomosis (PCA) on glutamine synthetase (GS) activities, protein and gene expression were studied in brain, liver and skeletal muscle of male adult rats. Four weeks ... -
Effects of hypothermia on brain glucose metabolism in acute liver failure: a H/C-nuclear magnetic resonance study
(2003)Mild hypothermia has a protective effect on brain edema and encephalopathy in both experimental and human acute liver failure. The goals of the present study were to examine the effects of mild hypothermia (35°C) on brain metabolic pathways using ... -
Hypothermia in acute liver failure
(2004)The development of encephalopathy in patients with acute liver injury defines the occurrence of liver failure. The encephalopathy of acute liver failure is characterized by brain edema which manifests clinically as increased intracranial pressure. ... -
Identifying the direct effects of ammonia on the brain
(2009-03)Elevated concentrations of ammonia in the brain as a result of hyperammonemia leads to cerebral dysfunction involving a spectrum of neuropsychiatric and neurological symptoms (impaired memory, shortened attention span, sleep-wake inversions, brain ... -
Increase brain lactate in hepatic encephalopathy: Cause or consequence?
(2010-11)Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a complex neuropsychiatric syndrome which develops as a result of liver failure or disease. Increased concentrations of brain lactate (microdialysate, cerebrospinal fluid, tissue) are commonly measured in patients with ... -
Increased brain lactate is central to the development of brain edema in rats with chronic liver disease
(2014)The pathogenesis of brain edema in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD) and minimal hepatic encephalopathy (HE) remains undefined. This study evaluated the role of brain lactate, glutamine and organic osmolytes, including myo-inositol and taurine, ... -
L-ornithine-L-aspartate in experimental portal-systemic encephalopathy: therapeutic efficacy and mechanism of action
(1998-06)Strategies aimed at the lowering of blood ammonia remain the treatment of choice in portal-systemic encephalopathy (PSE). L-ornithine-L-aspartate (OA) has recently been shown to be effective in the prevention of ammonia-precipitated coma in humans with ... -
Loss of noradrenaline transporter sites in frontal cortex of rats with acute (ischemic) liver failure
(2001)There is increasing evidence that central noradrenaline (NA) transport mechanisms are implicated in the central nervous system complications of acute liver failure. In order to assess this possibility, binding sites for the high affinity NA transporter ... -
Manganese deposition in basal ganglia structures results from both portal-systemic shunting and liver dysfunction
(1999)BACKGROUND & AIMS: Manganese (Mn) deposition could be responsible for the T(1)-weighted magnetic resonance signal hyperintensities observed in cirrhotic patients. These experiments were designed to assess the regional specificity of the Mn increases ... -
Mild hypothermia prevents brain edema and attenuates up-regulation of the astrocytic benzodiazepine receptor in experimental acute liver failure
(2005-05)BACKGROUND/AIMS: Mild hypothermia has proven useful in the clinical management of patients with acute liver failure. Acute liver failure in experimental animals results in alterations in the expression of genes coding for astrocytic proteins including ... -
Mild hypothermia prevents cerebral edema and CSF lactate accumulation in acute liver failure
(2001-06)Evidence from both clinical and experimental studies demonstrates that mild hypothermia prevents encephalopathy and brain edema in acute liver failure (ALF). As part of a series of studies to elucidate the mechanism(s) involved in this protective effect, ... -
Neuropathological changes in the brain of pigs with acute liver failure
(2010-08)Abstract Objective. Cerebral edema is a serious complication of acute liver failure (ALF), which may lead to intracranial hypertension and death. An accepted tenet has been that the blood-brain barrier is intact and that brain edema is primarily caused ... -
Oxidative stress: a systemic factor implicated in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy
(2013)Although ammonia is considered the main factor involved in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy (HE), it correlates well with the severity of HE in acute liver failure, but not in chronic liver disease. Oxidative stress is another factor believed ... -
Portacaval anastomosis-induced hyperammonemia does not lead to oxidative stress
(2010-03)Ammonia is neurotoxic and believed to play a major role in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy (HE). It has been demonstrated, in vitro and in vivo, that acute and high ammonia treatment induces oxidative stress. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) ... -
Role of manganese in the pathogenesis of portal-systemic encephalopathy
(1998-12)Amongst the potential neurotoxins implicated in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy, manganese emerges as a new candidate. In patients with chronic liver diseases, manganese accumulates in blood and brain leading to pallidal signal hyperintensity ... -
Systemic oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of brain edema in rats with chronic liver failure
(2012-04)Chronic liver failure leads to hyperammonemia, a central component in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy (HE); however, a correlation between blood ammonia levels and HE severity remains controversial. It is believed oxidative stress plays a ...