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Increase brain lactate in hepatic encephalopathy: Cause or consequence?
(2010-11)
Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a complex neuropsychiatric syndrome which develops as a result of liver failure or disease. Increased concentrations of brain lactate (microdialysate, cerebrospinal fluid, tissue) are commonly ...
Mild hypothermia prevents brain edema and attenuates up-regulation of the astrocytic benzodiazepine receptor in experimental acute liver failure
(2005-05)
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Mild hypothermia has proven useful in the clinical management of patients with acute liver failure. Acute liver failure in experimental animals results in alterations in the expression of genes coding for ...
Mild hypothermia prevents cerebral edema and CSF lactate accumulation in acute liver failure
(2001-06)
Evidence from both clinical and experimental studies demonstrates that mild hypothermia prevents encephalopathy and brain edema in acute liver failure (ALF). As part of a series of studies to elucidate the mechanism(s) ...
Effects of hypothermia on brain glucose metabolism in acute liver failure: a H/C-nuclear magnetic resonance study
(2003)
Mild hypothermia has a protective effect on brain edema and encephalopathy in both experimental and human acute liver failure. The goals of the present study were to examine the effects of mild hypothermia (35°C) on brain ...
Identifying the direct effects of ammonia on the brain
(2009-03)
Elevated concentrations of ammonia in the brain as a result of hyperammonemia leads to cerebral dysfunction involving a spectrum of neuropsychiatric and neurological symptoms (impaired memory, shortened attention span, ...
Brain edema in acute liver failure and chronic liver disease: Similarities and differences
(2013)
Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a complex neuropsychiatric syndrome that typically develops as a result of acute liver failure or chronic liver disease. Brain edema is a common feature associated with HE. In acute liver ...
Oxidative stress: a systemic factor implicated in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy
(2013)
Although ammonia is considered the main factor involved in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy (HE), it correlates well with the severity of HE in acute liver failure, but not in chronic liver disease. Oxidative ...
Increased extracellular brain glutamate in acute liver failure: decreased uptake or increased release?
(2002)
Glutamatergic dysfunction has been suggested to play an important role in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in acute liver failure (ALF). Increased extracellular brain glutamate concentrations have consistently ...
Loss of noradrenaline transporter sites in frontal cortex of rats with acute (ischemic) liver failure
(2001)
There is increasing evidence that central noradrenaline (NA) transport mechanisms are implicated in the central nervous system complications of acute liver failure. In order to assess this possibility, binding sites for ...
Role of manganese in the pathogenesis of portal-systemic encephalopathy
(1998-12)
Amongst the potential neurotoxins implicated in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy, manganese emerges as a new candidate. In patients with chronic liver diseases, manganese accumulates in blood and brain leading ...