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Elevated cerebral lactate : implications in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy
(Springer, 2014-06-11)
Hepatic encephalopathy (HE), a complex neuropsychiatric syndrome, is a frequent complication of liver
failure/disease. Increased concentrations of lactate are commonly observed in HE patients, in the systemic circulation,
but ...
Astrocyte glutamine synthetase : pivotal in health and disease
(Portland Press, 2013)
The multifunctional properties of astrocytes signify their importance in brain physiology and neurological function. In addition to defining the brain architecture, astrocytes are primary elements of brain ion, pH and ...
Glycine and hyperammonemia : potential target for the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy
(Springer, 2016-06-23)
Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a neuropsychiatric
disorder caused by hepatic dysfunction. Numerous studies
dictate that ammonia plays an important role in the pathogenesis of HE, and hyperammonemia can lead to alterations ...
Ammonia toxicity: from head to toe?
(Springer, 2016-12)
Ammonia is diffused and transported across all plasma membranes. This entails that hyperammonemia leads to an increase in ammonia in all organs and tissues. It is known that the toxic ramifications of ammonia primarily ...
The bile duct ligated rat : a relevant model to study muscle mass loss in cirrhosis
(Springer, 2016-12)
Muscle mass loss and hepatic encephalopathy (complex neuropsychiatric disorder) are serious complications of chronic liver disease (cirrhosis) which impact negatively on clinical outcome and quality of life and increase ...
Oxidative stress: a systemic factor implicated in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy
(2013)
Although ammonia is considered the main factor involved in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy (HE), it correlates well with the severity of HE in acute liver failure, but not in chronic liver disease. Oxidative ...
Neuropathological changes in the brain of pigs with acute liver failure
(2010-08)
Abstract Objective. Cerebral edema is a serious complication of acute liver failure (ALF), which may lead to intracranial hypertension and death. An accepted tenet has been that the blood-brain barrier is intact and that ...
AST-120 (spherical carbon adsorbent) lowers ammonia levels and attenuates brain edema in bile duct-ligated rats
(2011)
The pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy is multifactorial, involving gut-derived toxins such as ammonia, which has been demonstrated to induce oxidative stress. Therefore, a primary hepatic encephalopathy treatment ...