Parcourir Faculté de médecine par affiliation "Université de Montréal. Faculté de médecine. Centre de recherche du CHUM"
Voici les éléments 1-20 de 44
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Acute insult of ammonia leads to calcium-dependent glutamate release from cultured astrocytes, an effect of pH
(2005)Hyperammonemia is a key factor in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) as well as other metabolic encephalopathies, such as those associated with inherited disorders of urea cycle enzymes and in Reye's syndrome. Acute HE results in increased ... -
Ammonia: more than a neurotoxin?
(2014) -
Association of reduced extracellular brain ammonia, lactate, and intracranial pressure in pigs with acute liver failure
(2007-12)We previously demonstrated in pigs with acute liver failure (ALF) that albumin dialysis using the molecular adsorbents recirculating system (MARS) attenuated a rise in intracranial pressure (ICP). This was independent of changes in arterial ammonia, ... -
AST-120 (spherical carbon adsorbent) lowers ammonia levels and attenuates brain edema in bile duct-ligated rats
(2011)The pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy is multifactorial, involving gut-derived toxins such as ammonia, which has been demonstrated to induce oxidative stress. Therefore, a primary hepatic encephalopathy treatment target is reducing ammonia production ... -
Brain edema in acute liver failure and chronic liver disease: Similarities and differences
(2013)Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a complex neuropsychiatric syndrome that typically develops as a result of acute liver failure or chronic liver disease. Brain edema is a common feature associated with HE. In acute liver failure, brain edema contributes ... -
Contractile response of femoral arteries in pigs with acute liver failure
(2004)BACKGROUND: Acute liver failure (ALF) is characterized haemodynamically by a progressive hyperdynamic circulation. The pathophysiological mechanism is unknown, but impaired contractility of vascular smooth muscle may play an important role. The aim of ... -
Decreased glutamate transporter (GLT-1) expression in frontal cortex of rats with acute liver failure
(1997-07)It has been suggested that reduced astrocytic uptake of neuronally released glutamate contributes to the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy in acute liver failure. In order to further address this issue, the recently cloned and sequenced astrocytic ... -
Direct molecular and spectroscopic evidence for increased ammonia removal capacity of skeletal muscle in acute liver failure
(2006-06)BACKGROUND/AIMS: It has been proposed that, in acute liver failure, skeletal muscle adapts to become the principle organ responsible for removal of blood-borne ammonia by increasing glutamine synthesis, a reaction that is catalyzed by the cytosolic ... -
Effect of albumin dialysis on intracranial pressure increase in pigs with acute liver failure: a randomized study
(2006-01)BACKGROUND: Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) worsens the outcome of acute liver failure (ALF). This study investigates the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and evaluates the therapeutic effect of albumin dialysis in ALF with use of the ... -
Effect of portacaval anastomosis on glutamine synthetase protein and gene expression in brain, liver and skeletal muscle
(1999)The effects of chronic liver insufficiency resulting from end-to-side portacaval anastomosis (PCA) on glutamine synthetase (GS) activities, protein and gene expression were studied in brain, liver and skeletal muscle of male adult rats. Four weeks ... -
Effects of hypothermia on brain glucose metabolism in acute liver failure: a H/C-nuclear magnetic resonance study
(2003)Mild hypothermia has a protective effect on brain edema and encephalopathy in both experimental and human acute liver failure. The goals of the present study were to examine the effects of mild hypothermia (35°C) on brain metabolic pathways using ... -
fNIRS-EEG study of focal interictal epileptiform discharges
(Elsevier, 2014-03)Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) acquired with electroencephalography (EEG) is a relatively new non-invasive neuroimaging technique with potential for long term monitoring of the epileptic brain. Simultaneous EEG-fNIRS recording allows the ... -
Hemodynamic changes during posterior epilepsies: an eeg-fnirs study
(Elsevier, 2014)Posterior epilepsies are relatively rare, mainly suspected clinically by the presence of visual auras. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is an emerging non-invasive imaging technique that has the potential to monitor hemodynamic changes ... -
Hypothermia in acute liver failure
(2004)The development of encephalopathy in patients with acute liver injury defines the occurrence of liver failure. The encephalopathy of acute liver failure is characterized by brain edema which manifests clinically as increased intracranial pressure. ... -
Identifying the direct effects of ammonia on the brain
(2009-03)Elevated concentrations of ammonia in the brain as a result of hyperammonemia leads to cerebral dysfunction involving a spectrum of neuropsychiatric and neurological symptoms (impaired memory, shortened attention span, sleep-wake inversions, brain ... -
Increase brain lactate in hepatic encephalopathy: Cause or consequence?
(2010-11)Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a complex neuropsychiatric syndrome which develops as a result of liver failure or disease. Increased concentrations of brain lactate (microdialysate, cerebrospinal fluid, tissue) are commonly measured in patients with ...