Little is known about the effects of undernutrition on the specific muscles and neuronal circuits involved in mastication. The aim of this study was to document the effects of neonatal low-protein diet on masticatory ...

Proper function of all excitable cells depends on ion homeostasis. Nowhere is this more critical than in the brain where the extracellular concentration of some ions determines neurons' firing pattern and ability to encode ...

Communication between neurons rests on their capacity to change their firing pattern to encode different messages. For several vital functions, such as respiration and mastication, neurons need to generate a rhythmic firing ...

The main axons of mammalian sensory neurons are usually viewed as passive transmitters of sensory information. However, the spindle afferents of jaw-closing muscles behave as if action potential traffic along their central ...