Beyond technology : a scoping review of features that promote fidelity and authenticity in simulation-based health professional education

Abstract

Conceptualizations of fidelity in simulation often refer to physical, conceptual, and psychological dimensions. Besides simulator technologies, practical features that enhance the fidelity and authenticity of simulated activities from educators' and learners’ perspectives remain nebulous. This study is a scoping review (Levac, Colquhoun, & O'Brien, 2010). From 42 articles, eight features were identified: content drawn from real life, interaction and feedback, performance expectations, preparation of the environment, presence of an actual patient, logical and adaptive scenarios, sociological fidelity, and cueing. This article provides guidance in the design of high-fidelity, authentic simulations, even in the absence of technologically advanced simulators.