Browsing Faculté de médecine – Travaux et publications by Affiliation "Université de Montréal. Faculté de médecine. Département de médecine"
Now showing items 1-20 of 80
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175 years of bilirubin testing : ready for point-of-care?
(Wiley, 2023-04-10)Bilirubin was first detected in blood in 1847 and since then has become one of the most widely used biomarkers for liver disease. Clinical routine bilirubin testing is performed at the hospital laboratory, and the gold standard colorimetric test is ... -
2021 ISHEN guidelines on animal models of hepatic encephalopathy
(Wiley, 2021-04-01)This working group of the International Society of Hepatic Encephalopathy and Nitrogen Metabolism (ISHEN) was commissioned to summarize and update current efforts in the development and characterization of animal models of hepatic encephalopathy (HE). ... -
The 20S proteasome core, active within apoptotic exosome-like vesicles, induces autoantibody production and accelerates rejection
(American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2015-12-16)Autoantibodies to components of apoptotic cells, such as anti-perlecan antibodies, contribute to rejection in organ transplant recipients. However, mechanisms of immunization to apoptotic components remain largely uncharacterized. We used large-scale ... -
Active nuclear import and cytoplasmic retention of activation-induced deaminase
(2009)The enzyme activation-induced deaminase (AID) triggers antibody diversification in B cells by catalyzing deamination and consequently mutation of immunoglobulin genes. To minimize off-target deamination, AID is restrained by several regulatory mechanisms ... -
Adhesion and transcellular migration of neutrophils and B lymphocytes on fibroblasts
(2009)During tissue inflammation, infiltrated leukocytes may have physical contacts with fibroblasts. We observed that neutrophils and B lymphocytes adhered in a larger proportion than T cells on cultured fibroblasts. Microscopy showed that adhesion was also ... -
Albumin dialysis : a new therapeutic strategy for intoxication from protein-bound drugs
(Springer, 2004-01-21)Abstract Objective: Although water-soluble drugs can be removed by haemofiltration/haemodialysis, morbidity and mortality from intoxication with protein-bound drugs remains high. The present study investigates whether albumin dialysis in the form of ... -
Amino acids, ammonia, and hepatic encephalopathy
(Elsevier, 2022-04-30)Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a decline in brain function arising due to liver insufficiency. The liver's diminished capacity to clear ammonia, and the subsequent accumulation of it, is highly implicated in pathogenesis of HE. Ammonia is endogenously ... -
Ammonia : this is not the end but rather the end of the beginning
(Elsevier, 2018-04)Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) represents a wide spectrum of neurological or neuropsychological symptoms caused by liver disease and/or portosystemic shunts. The major role of hyperammonemia in association with systemic inflammation and oxidative stress ... -
Ammonia toxicity: from head to toe?
(Springer, 2016-12)Ammonia is diffused and transported across all plasma membranes. This entails that hyperammonemia leads to an increase in ammonia in all organs and tissues. It is known that the toxic ramifications of ammonia primarily touch the brain and cause ... -
Ammonia‐lowering strategies for the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy
(Wiley, 2012-08-08)Hyperammonemia leads to neurotoxic levels of brain ammonia and is a major factor involved in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy (HE). Ammonia‐lowering treatments primarily involve two strategies: inhibiting ammonia production and/or increasing ... -
Apoptotic exosome-like vesicles transfer specific and functional mRNAs to endothelial cells by phosphatidylserine-dependent macropinocytosis
(Springer Nature, 2023-07-20)Apoptosis of endothelial cells prompts the release of apoptotic exosome-like vesicles (ApoExos), subtype extracellular vesicles secreted by apoptotic cells after caspase-3 activation. ApoExos are different from both apoptotic bodies and classical ... -
Assessment of left ventricular diastolic function by transesophageal echocardiography before cardiopulmonary bypass : clinical implications of a restrictive profile
(Elsevier, 2019-05-16)Objective Left ventricular (LV) diastolic function can be assessed by transesophageal echocardiography before cardiopulmonary bypass in the setting of cardiac surgery. The objective of this study was to determine whether the assessment of LV diastolic ... -
The association between FABP7 serum levels with survival and neurological complications in acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure : a nested case–control study
(Springer, 2017)Background: Acetaminophen (APAP)-induced acute liver failure (ALF) is associated with signifcant mortality due to intracranial hypertension (ICH), a result of cerebral edema (CE) and astrocyte swelling. Brain-type fatty acid-binding protein (FABP7) ... -
The association between pulsatile portal flow and acute kidney injury after cardiac surgery : a retrospective cohort study
(Elsevier, 2017-11-22)Objective:Venous congestion is a possible mechanism leading to acute kidney injury (AKI) following cardiac surgery. Portal veinflowpulsatility is an echographic marker of cardiogenic portal hypertension and might identify clinically significant organ ... -
Astrocyte glutamine synthetase : pivotal in health and disease
(Portland Press, 2013)The multifunctional properties of astrocytes signify their importance in brain physiology and neurological function. In addition to defining the brain architecture, astrocytes are primary elements of brain ion, pH and neurotransmitter homoeostasis. GS ... -
Autolysosomes and caspase-3 control the biogenesis and release of immunogenic apoptotic exosomes
(Springer Nature, 2022-02-11)Apoptotic exosome-like vesicles (ApoExos) are a novel type of extracellular vesicle that contribute to the propagation of inflammation at sites of vascular injury when released by dying cells. ApoExos are characterized by the presence of the C-terminal ... -
Autophagy drives fibroblast senescence through MTORC2 regulation
Autophagy, senescence and myofibroblast differentiation
(Taylor & Francis, 2020-01-13)Sustained macroautophagy/autophagy favors the differentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts. Cellular senescence, another means of responding to long-term cellular stress, has also been linked to myofibroblast differentiation and fibrosis. Here, ... -
Autophagy, tissue repair, and fibrosis: a delicate balance
(Elsevier, 2021-01-14)Tissue repair and fibrosis, an abnormal form of repair, occur in most human organs in response to injury or inflammation. Fibroblasts play a major role in the normal repair process by differentiating into myofibroblasts that synthesize extracellular ... -
The bile duct ligated rat : a relevant model to study muscle mass loss in cirrhosis
(Springer, 2016-12)Muscle mass loss and hepatic encephalopathy (complex neuropsychiatric disorder) are serious complications of chronic liver disease (cirrhosis) which impact negatively on clinical outcome and quality of life and increase mortality. Liver disease leads ... -
Bile‐duct ligation renders the brain susceptible to hypotension induced neuronal degeneration : implications of ammonia
Hypotension in hepatic encephalopathy
(Wiley, 2020-12-31)Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a debilitating neurological complication of cirrhosis. By definition, HE is considered a reversible disorder, and therefore HE should resolve following liver transplantation (LT). However, persisting neurological complications ...
